Izindlela zokugcina amandla zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili: ezimaphakathi futhi zisakazwe.Ukwenza ukuqonda kube lula, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “indawo yokugcina amandla emaphakathi” kusho “ukubeka wonke amaqanda kubhasikidi owodwa”, nokugcwalisa isitsha esikhulu ngamabhethri okugcina amandla ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokugcina amandla;“ukugcina amandla asabalalisiwe” kusho “Amaqanda e-Put kubhasikidi owodwa”, impahla enkulu yokugcina amandla ihlukaniswe yaba amamojula amaningana, futhi okokugcina amandla okunamandla okuhambisana nakho kuyahlelwa ngokwezidingo zangempela zohlelo lokusebenza ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa.
Isitoreji samandla esabalalisiwe, kwesinye isikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi isitoreji samandla sohlangothi lomsebenzisi, sigcizelela izimo zokusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla.Ngokungeziwe ekugcinweni kwamandla ohlangothini lomsebenzisi, kukhona isitoreji samandla esiseceleni kwamandla negridi esaziwayo.Abanikazi bezimboni nabezentengiselwano nabasebenzisi bezindlu bangamaqembu amabili ayinhloko amakhasimende okugcina amandla ohlangothini lwabasebenzisi, futhi injongo yabo enkulu yokusebenzisa ukugcinwa kwamandla ukudlala imisebenzi yekhwalithi yamandla, ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuphathwa kwentengo kagesi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, umthamo. izindleko nokunye.Ngokuphambene, uhlangothi lwamandla luwukuxazulula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusha, ukuphuma okubushelelezi kanye nokulawulwa kwamafrikhwensi;kuyilapho uhlangothi lwegridi yamandla luwukuxazulula izinkonzo ezisizayo zokulawula izinga eliphezulu kanye nokulawula imvamisa, ukunciphisa ukuminyana kolayini, ukunikezwa kwamandla okusekelayo kanye nokuqalisa okumnyama.
Ngokombono wokufakwa kanye nokuthunywa, ngenxa yamandla amakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa wezinto zokuqukatha, ukucisha kukagesi kuyadingeka lapho kuthunyelwa endaweni yekhasimende.Ukuze kungathinti ukusebenza okuvamile kwamafekthri noma izakhiwo zezentengiselwano, abakhiqizi bemishini yokugcina amandla kudingeka bakhe ebusuku, futhi isikhathi sokwakha sizonwetshwa.Izindleko nazo zikhuphuka ngokufanele, kodwa ukuthunyelwa kokugcinwa kwamandla okusatshalaliswa kuyavumelana nezimo futhi izindleko ziphansi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kahle kwemishini yokugcina amandla esabalalisiwe kuphezulu.Amandla okukhipha omshini omkhulu wokugcina amandla esitsheni ngokuyisisekelo azungeze ama-kilowatts angu-500, futhi amandla okufaka alinganiselwe ama-transformer amaningi emkhakheni wezimboni nezohwebo angama-kilowatts angu-630.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngemva kokuba idivayisi yokugcina amandla emaphakathi ixhunyiwe, ngokuyisisekelo ihlanganisa wonke umthamo we-transformer, kuyilapho umthwalo we-transformer evamile ngokuvamile u-40% -50%, okulingana nedivayisi ye-500-kilowatt, empeleni kuphela. isebenzisa ama-kilowatts angu-200- 300, okubangela ukungcola okuningi.Isitoreji samandla esisabalalisiwe singahlukanisa wonke ama-kilowatt angu-100 abe yimojula, futhi akhiphe inani elihambisanayo lamamojula ngokwezidingo zangempela zamakhasimende, ukuze okokusebenza kuzosetshenziswa ngokugcwele.
Ezimbonini, amapaki ezimboni, iziteshi zokushaja, izakhiwo zezentengiselwano, izikhungo zedatha, njll., isitoreji samandla esabalalisiwe siyadingeka nje.Ikakhulukazi banezinhlobo ezintathu zezidingo:
Okokuqala ukuncishiswa kwezindleko zezimo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu.Ugesi uyinto ebiza kakhulu embonini nakwezohwebo.Izindleko zikagesi zezikhungo zedatha zibalelwa ku-60% -70% wezindleko zokusebenza.Njengoba umehluko omkhulu wentengo kagesi ukhula, lezi zinkampani zizokwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zikagesi ngokushintsha iziqongo ukuze zigcwalise izigodi.
Okwesibili ukuhlanganiswa kwelanga kanye nesitoreji ukwandisa ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwamandla aluhlaza.I-carbon tariff ebekwe yi-European Union izodala ukuthi izimboni ezinkulu zasekhaya zibhekane nokukhuphuka kwezindleko ezinkulu lapho zingena emakethe yaseYurophu.Zonke izixhumanisi ohlelweni lokukhiqiza lochungechunge lwezimboni zizoba nesidingo sikagesi oluhlaza, futhi izindleko zokuthenga ugesi oluhlaza azincane, ngakho-ke inani elikhulu langaphandle Ifektri yakha "i-photovoltaic esabalalisiwe + isitoreji samandla esatshalaliswa" ngokwayo.
Okokugcina ukunwetshwa kwe-transformer, okusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinqwaba zokushaja, ikakhulukazi izinqwaba zokushaja okusheshayo nezigcawu zasefekthri.Ngo-2012, amandla okushaja amanqwaba ezimoto ezishajayo abengu-60 kW, kanti manje asenyukile afinyelela ku-120 kW, futhi aqhubekela ku-360 kW ukushaja okushesha kakhulu.Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqondisa kwenqwaba.Ngaphansi kwala mandla wokushaja, izitolo ezinkulu ezivamile noma iziteshi zokushaja azinawo ama-transformers angasebenzi atholakala ezingeni legridi, ngoba kuhilela ukunwetshwa kwe-grid transformer, ngakho-ke idinga ukushintshwa yisitoreji samandla.
Uma intengo kagesi iphansi, uhlelo lokugcina amandla luyakhokhiswa;lapho intengo kagesi iphezulu, uhlelo lokugcina amandla luyakhishwa.Ngale ndlela, abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukusizakala ngomehluko wamanani entengo kagesi we-peak kanye ne-valley for arbitrage.Abasebenzisi banciphisa izindleko zokusetshenziswa kukagesi, futhi igridi yamandla iphinde yehlise ingcindezi yebhalansi yamandla esikhathi sangempela.Lona umqondo oyisisekelo wokuthi izimakethe nezinqubomgomo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwamandla okuyingxenye yomsebenzisi.Ngo-2022, isikali sase-China esixhunywe kugridi yesitoreji samandla sizofinyelela ku-7.76GW/16.43GWh, kodwa mayelana nokusabalalisa inkambu yohlelo lokusebenza, isitoreji samandla esiseceleni komsebenzisi sibala kuphela u-10% wengqikithi yomthamo oxhunywe kugridi.Ngakho-ke, emibonweni edlule yabantu abaningi, ukukhuluma ngokugcinwa kwamandla kumele kube "iphrojekthi enkulu" etshalwe imali eyizigidi eziyishumi, kodwa bazi okuncane mayelana nokugcinwa kwamandla okuyingxenye yomsebenzisi, okuhlobene eduze nokukhiqiza kwabo nokuphila kwabo. .Lesi simo sizothuthukiswa ngokunwetshwa komehluko wentengo kagesi osuka phezulu kuye esigodini kanye nokwenyuka kokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-23-2023