Ngokombono walo lonke uhlelo lwamandla, izimo zokusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla zingahlukaniswa zibe yizimo ezintathu: ukugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lwesizukulwane, ukugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lokudlulisela nokusabalalisa, kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lomsebenzisi.Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla ngokuya ngezidingo ezimeni ezahlukahlukene ukuthola ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla obufaneleka kakhulu.Leli phepha ligxile ekuhlaziyweni kwezimo ezintathu ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla.
Ngokombono walo lonke uhlelo lwamandla, izimo zokusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla zingahlukaniswa zibe yizimo ezintathu: ukugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lwesizukulwane, ukugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lokudlulisela nokusabalalisa, kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lomsebenzisi.Lezi zimo ezintathu zingahlukaniswa zibe yisidingo samandla kanye nesidingo samandla ngokombono wegridi yamandla.Izimfuneko zohlobo lwamandla ngokuvamile zidinga isikhathi eside sokukhipha (njengokushintsha kwesikhathi samandla), kodwa azidingi isikhathi sokuphendula esiphezulu.Ngokuphambene, izidingo zohlobo lwamandla ngokuvamile zidinga amandla okuphendula ngokushesha, kodwa ngokuvamile isikhathi sokukhipha asiside (njengokushintshashintsha kwefrikhwensi yesistimu).Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla ngokuya ngezidingo ezimeni ezahlukahlukene ukuthola ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla obufaneleka kakhulu.Leli phepha ligxile ekuhlaziyweni kwezimo ezintathu ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla.
1. Uhlangothi lokukhiqiza amandla
Ngokombono wohlangothi lokukhiqiza ugesi, indawo yokugcina amandla iyindawo yokuphehla amandla.Ngenxa yemithelela ehlukene yemithombo yamandla ehlukene kugridi, kanye nokungafani okuguquguqukayo phakathi kokuphehla ugesi nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okubangelwa uhlangothi lomthwalo olungabikezeleki, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezimo zesidingo sokugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lokuphehla ugesi, okuhlanganisa nokushintshwa kwesikhathi samandla. , amayunithi omthamo, ukulayisha okulandelayo, Izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezimo, okuhlanganisa ukulawulwa kwemvamisa yesistimu, umthamo wokusekelayo, namandla avuselelekayo axhunywe kugridi.
ukushintsha isikhathi samandla
Ukushintsha isikhathi samandla ukubona ukushefa okuphezulu kanye nokugcwaliswa kwesigodi komthwalo wamandla ngokugcinwa kwamandla, okungukuthi, indawo yokuphehla amandla ishaja ibhethri ngesikhathi sokulayisha kwamandla aphansi, futhi ikhiphe amandla agciniwe ngesikhathi somthwalo omkhulu wamandla.Ukwengeza, ukugcina umoya olahliwe namandla e-photovoltaic wamandla avuselelekayo bese uwuhambisa kwezinye izikhathi zokuxhumeka kwegridi nakho kuwukushintsha isikhathi samandla.Ukushintsha isikhathi samandla kuwuhlelo lokusebenza olususelwa kumandla.Ayinazo izidingo eziqinile ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha, futhi izidingo zamandla zokushaja nokukhipha zibanzi uma kuqhathaniswa.Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okushintsha isikhathi kubangelwa umthwalo wamandla omsebenzisi kanye nezici zokukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo.Imvamisa iphakeme kakhulu, izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-300 ngonyaka.
iyunithi yamandla
Ngenxa yomehluko ekulayishweni kukagesi ngezikhathi ezahlukene, amayunithi kagesi abaswa ngamalahle kudingeka enze amakhono okushefa kakhulu, ngakho-ke inani elithile lamandla okukhiqiza ugesi lidinga ukubekelwa eceleni njengomthamo wemithwalo ephezulu ehambisanayo, evimbela amandla ashisayo. amayunithi ekufinyeleleni amandla aphelele futhi kuthinta umnotho wokusebenza kwamayunithi.ucansi.Isitoreji samandla singasetshenziselwa ukushaja lapho umthwalo kagesi uphansi, kanye nokukhipha lapho ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kuphakama kakhulu ukuze kuncishiswe inani eliphakeme lokulayisha.Sebenzisa umthelela wokushintsha wesistimu yokugcina amandla ukuze ukhulule iyunithi yamandla ebaselwa ngamalahle, ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise izinga lokusebenzisa iyunithi yamandla ashisayo futhi ukhulise umnotho wayo.Iyunithi yamandla wuhlelo lokusebenza olususelwa kumandla.Ayinazo izidingo eziqinile ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha, futhi inezidingo ezibanzi uma kuqhathaniswa namandla okushaja nokukhipha.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomthwalo wamandla omsebenzisi nezici zokukhiqiza amandla amandla avuselelekayo, imvamisa yokusetshenziswa komthamo ishintshwa isikhathi.Iphakeme kakhulu, izikhathi ezingaba ngu-200 ngonyaka.
layisha okulandelayo
Ukulandelela ukulayisha kuyisevisi eyisizayo elungisa ngokushintshashintshayo ukuze kuzuzwe ibhalansi yesikhathi sangempela sokushintsha kancane, ukushintsha imithwalo eqhubekayo.Imithwalo eshintsha kancane futhi eqhubekayo ingahlukaniswa ibe yimithwalo eyisisekelo kanye nemithwalo ye-ramping ngokuvumelana nezimo zangempela zokusebenza kwejeneretha.Ukulandelela ukulayisha kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukugxusha imithwalo, okungukuthi, ngokulungisa okukhiphayo, izinga lokukhuphuka lamayunithi wamandla endabuko lingancishiswa ngangokunokwenzeka., ukuyivumela ukuthi ishintshe ngokushelela ngangokunokwenzeka ezingeni lemiyalo yokuhlela.Uma kuqhathaniswa neyunithi yomthamo, umthwalo olandelayo unezidingo eziphakeme ngesikhathi sokuphendula kokukhishwa, futhi isikhathi sokuphendula siyadingeka ukuze sibe sezingeni leminithi.
Isistimu ye-FM
Ukushintsha imvamisa kuzothinta ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle kanye nempilo yokuphehla ugesi nezinto zikagesi, ngakho ukulawulwa kwamafrikhwensi kubaluleke kakhulu.Esimisweni samandla esivamile, ukungalingani kwamandla esikhathi esifushane segridi yamandla kulawulwa amayunithi avamile (ikakhulukazi amandla ashisayo namandla aphehlwa ngamanzi ezweni lami) ngokusabela kumasiginali we-AGC.Ngokuhlanganiswa kwamandla amasha kugridi, ukuntengantenga nokungahleliwe komoya nomoya kubhebhethekise ukungalingani kwamandla kugridi yamandla esikhathini esifushane.Ngenxa yokunensa kwesivinini sokushintsha imvamisa yemithombo yamandla evamile (ikakhulukazi amandla ashisayo), basalela emuva ekuphenduleni imiyalo yokuthumela igridi.Kwesinye isikhathi ukungasebenzi kahle okufana nokuhlehla kuzokwenzeka, ngakho-ke isidingo esisha esingeziwe asikwazi ukufezekiswa.Uma kuqhathaniswa, isitoreji samandla (ikakhulukazi isitoreji samandla e-electrochemical) sinesivinini sokushintsha imvamisa esheshayo, futhi ibhethri lingashintsha kalula phakathi kwezimo zokushaja nokukhipha, okulenze libe yinsiza enhle kakhulu yokushintsha imvamisa.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokulandelwa komthwalo, isikhathi soshintsho lwengxenye yomthwalo wokushintshwa kwemvamisa yesistimu sisezingeni lamaminithi namasekhondi, okudinga isivinini sokuphendula esiphezulu (ngokuvamile ezingeni lamasekhondi), futhi indlela yokulungisa yengxenye yomthwalo ivame I-AGC.Kodwa-ke, ukushintshwa kwefrikhwensi yesistimu kuwuhlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile lohlobo lwamandla, oludinga ukushaja okusheshayo nokushajwa ngesikhathi esifushane.Uma usebenzisa isitoreji samandla e-electrochemical, isilinganiso esikhulu sokushaja siyadingeka, ngakho-ke kuzonciphisa impilo yezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri.umnotho.
umthamo osele
Umthamo obekiwe ubhekisela endaweni yokugcina amandla asebenzayo abekelwe ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamandla nokusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kohlelo uma kunezimo eziphuthumayo, ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nesidingo somthwalo olindelekile.Ngokuvamile, umthamo wokugodla udinga ukuba ngu-15-20% womthamo ojwayelekile wokunikezwa kwamandla wesistimu, futhi ubuncane Ivelu kufanele ilingane nomthamo weyunithi enomthamo omkhulu owodwa ofakiwe ohlelweni.Njengoba umthamo wokugodla uhloselwe izimo eziphuthumayo, imvamisa yokusebenza yonyaka ngokuvamile iphansi.Uma ibhethri isetshenziselwa ukugodla umthamo wesevisi iyodwa, umnotho awunakuqinisekiswa.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuyiqhathanisa nezindleko zomthamo okhona wokugodla ukuze kunqunywe izindleko zangempela.umphumela esikhundleni.
Ukuxhumeka kwegridi kwamandla avuselelekayo
Ngenxa yokungahleliwe nezici zesikhashana zamandla omoya namandla okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic, ikhwalithi yawo yamandla imbi kakhulu kunemithombo yamandla evamile.Njengoba ukushintshashintsha kokukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo (ukushintshashintsha kwemvamisa, ukushintshashintsha kokuphumayo, njll.) kusuka kumasekhondi kuye emahoreni, izinhlelo ezikhona zohlobo lwamandla nazo zinezinhlelo zohlobo lwamandla, ezingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezintathu: isikhathi samandla avuselelekayo. -ukushintsha, ukuqina kwamandla okukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo, kanye nokushelela kokuphuma kwamandla avuselelekayo.Isibonelo, ukuze uxazulule inkinga yokushiya ukukhanya ekukhiqizeni amandla e-photovoltaic, kuyadingeka ukugcina ugesi osele owenziwe emini ukuze ukhishwe ebusuku, okuyingxenye yesikhathi samandla sokushintsha kwamandla avuselelekayo.Ngamandla omoya, ngenxa yokungabikezeli kwamandla omoya, ukuphuma kwamandla omoya kushintshashintsha kakhulu, futhi kudinga ukwenziwa bushelelezi, ngakho-ke asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zohlobo lwamandla.
2. Uhlangothi lwegridi
Ukusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla ohlangothini lwegridi ikakhulukazi kuyizinhlobo ezintathu: ukukhulula ukuminyana kokudlulisela nokusabalalisa, ukubambezela ukunwetshwa kokudluliswa kwamandla kanye nezisetshenziswa zokusabalalisa, kanye nokusekela amandla asebenzayo.umphumela wokushintsha.
Yehlisa ukuminyana kokudlulisela nokusabalalisa
Ukuminyana kolayini kusho ukuthi umthwalo welayini udlula umthamo womugqa.Isistimu yokugcina amandla ifakwe phezulu komugqa.Uma ulayini uvinjiwe, amandla kagesi angakwazi ukulethwa angagcinwa kudivayisi yokugcina amandla.Ukukhishwa komugqa.Ngokuvamile, kumasistimu okugcina amandla, isikhathi sokukhipha siyadingeka ukuze sibe ezingeni lehora, futhi inani lemisebenzi lingaba izikhathi ezingu-50 kuya kweziyi-100.Kungokwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe kumandla futhi inezidingo ezithile zesikhathi sokuphendula, ezidinga ukuphendulwa kuleveli yomzuzu.
Libazisa ukunwetshwa kwemishini yokudluliswa nokusabalalisa amandla
Izindleko zokuhlela igridi yendabuko noma ukuthuthukiswa kwegridi nokunwetshwa ziphezulu kakhulu.Kuhlelo lokudluliswa kwamandla nokusabalalisa lapho umthwalo useduze nomthamo wemishini, uma ukunikezwa komthwalo kunganeliseka isikhathi esiningi ngonyaka, futhi umthamo uphansi kunomthwalo kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile eziphezulu, uhlelo lokugcina amandla. ingasetshenziswa ukudlulisa umthamo omncane ofakiwe.Umthamo ungathuthukisa ngempumelelo umthamo wokudluliswa kwamandla kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwegridi, ngaleyo ndlela kubambezeleke izindleko zezindawo ezintsha zokudluliswa kukagesi nokusabalalisa futhi kwandise isikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini ekhona.Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhulula ukuminyana kokudlulisela nokusabalalisa ukumelana, ukubambezeleka kokunwetshwa kokudluliswa kwamandla kanye nemishini yokusabalalisa kunemvamisa ephansi yokusebenza.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuguga kwebhethri, izindleko eziguquguqukayo zangempela ziphezulu, ngakho-ke izidingo eziphezulu zibekwe phambili emnothweni wamabhethri.
Ukwesekwa okusebenzayo
Ukwesekwa kwamandla asebenzayo kubhekisela ekulawuleni amandla kagesi ngokujova noma ngokumunca amandla asebenzayo emigqeni yokudlulisela nokusabalalisa.Amandla angasebenzi anele noma adlulele azodala ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi, kuthinte ikhwalithi yamandla, futhi kulimaze nokokusebenza kagesi.Ngosizo lwama-inverters ashukumisayo, imishini yokuxhumana nokulawula, ibhethri ingalawula i-voltage yomugqa wokudlulisa nokusabalalisa ngokulungisa amandla asebenzayo okukhipha kwawo.Ukwesekwa kwamandla asebenzayo kuwuhlelo lokusebenza lwamandla olujwayelekile olunesikhathi sokukhipha esifushane kodwa imvamisa ephezulu yokusebenza.
3. Uhlangothi lomsebenzisi
Uhlangothi lwabasebenzisi luyindawo yokusetshenziswa kukagesi, futhi umsebenzisi ungumthengi nomsebenzisi kagesi.Izindleko nemali engenayo yokuphehlwa kukagesi kanye nohlangothi lokudlulisela nokusabalalisa zivezwa ngendlela yentengo kagesi, eguqulwa ibe yizindleko zomsebenzisi.Ngakho-ke, izinga lentengo kagesi lizothinta isidingo somsebenzisi..
Ukuphathwa kwamanani kagesi wokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi somsebenzisi
Umkhakha kagesi uhlukanisa amahora angu-24 ngosuku ezikhathini eziningi ezifana nenani eliphakeme, eliphansi, neliphansi, futhi usetha amazinga entengo kagesi ahlukene ngesikhathi ngasinye, okuyinani lesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kukagesi.Ukulawulwa kwentengo kagesi ngesikhathi somsebenzisi kufana nokushintsha kwesikhathi samandla, umehluko kuphela ukuthi ukuphathwa kwentengo kagesi kwesikhathi sokusebenzisa kusekelwe ohlelweni lwenani lokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi sokusetshenziswa ukulungisa umthwalo wamandla, kuyilapho amandla ukushintsha isikhathi ukulungisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngokwejika lomthwalo wamandla.
Ukuphathwa Kwenkokhelo Yamandla
izwe lami lisebenzisa uhlelo lwentengo kagesi olunezingxenye ezimbili kumabhizinisi amakhulu ezimbonini emkhakheni wokuphakelwa kukagesi: intengo kagesi isho inani likagesi elikhokhiswayo ngokuya ngogesi owenziwayo wangempela, futhi intengo kagesi womthamo ikakhulukazi incike enanini eliphakeme kakhulu lomsebenzisi. ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.Ukuphathwa kwezindleko zamandla kubhekise ekwehliseni izindleko zamandla ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukukhiqizwa okuvamile.Abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa isistimu yokugcina amandla ukuze bagcine amandla ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi futhi bakhiphe umthwalo phakathi nenkathi ephakeme kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela behlise umthwalo uwonke futhi bafeze inhloso yokunciphisa izindleko zamandla.
Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yamandla
Ngenxa yemvelo eguquguqukayo yomthwalo osebenzayo wesistimu yamandla kanye nokungalayini komthwalo wemishini, amandla atholwe umsebenzisi anezinkinga ezifana nezinguquko ze-voltage nezamanje noma ukuchezuka kwamafrikhwensi.Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lamandla liphansi.Ukushintshwa kwefrikhwensi yesistimu nokwesekwa kwamandla asebenzayo kuyizindlela zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamandla ohlangothini lokuphehla amandla kanye nohlangothi lokudlulisela nokusabalalisa.Ngasohlangothini lomsebenzisi, isistimu yokugcina amandla ingase futhi ibe bushelelezi ukushintshashintsha kwe-voltage kanye nemvamisa, njengokusebenzisa isitoreji samandla ukuxazulula izinkinga ezifana nokunyuka kwe-voltage, ukudipha, kanye nokucwayiza kusistimu ye-photovoltaic esabalalisiwe.Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamandla kuwuhlelo lwamandla olujwayelekile.Imakethe ethile yokukhishwa kanye nemvamisa yokusebenza kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesimo sangempela sohlelo, kodwa ngokuvamile isikhathi sokuphendula siyadingeka ukuze sibe sezingeni le-millisecond.
Thuthukisa ukuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla
Isitoreji samandla sisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla egridi encane, okusho ukuthi uma kwenzeka ukuhluleka kwamandla, isitoreji samandla singanikeza amandla agciniwe kubasebenzisi bokugcina, sigweme ukuphazamiseka kwamandla phakathi nenqubo yokulungisa iphutha, nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla. .Imishini yokugcina amandla kulolu hlelo lokusebenza kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu nokuthembeka okuphezulu, futhi isikhathi esithile sokukhipha sihlobene kakhulu nendawo yokufaka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-24-2023