Ayini amandla elanga?

Incazelo yamandla elanga amandla avelailanganokuthi singathwebula ukubonga emisebeni yelanga.Umqondo wamandla elanga uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kugesi nomaamandla ashisayolokho kutholwa kusetshenziswaimisebe yelanga.

Lo mthombo wamandla umelela okuyinhlokoumthombo wamandlakuUmhlaba.Ngenxa yokuthi ungumthombo ongashi, kuyacatshangelwaamandla avuselelekayo.

Kusukela kula mandla, amanye amaningiimithombo yamandlazithathwe, njenge:

• Amandla omoya, asebenzisa amandla omoya.Umoya ukhiqizwa lapho i-Ilangaishisa inqwaba yomoya.
• Amafutha ezinsalela: avela ohlelweni olude kakhulu lokubola kwezinhlayiya eziphilayo.Ama-decomposer ezinto eziphilayo ayeyizitshalo ezikhiqiza i-photosynthesizing.
• Amandla e-hydraulic, asebenzisa amandla angaba khona amanzi.Ngaphandle kwemisebe yelanga, umjikelezo wamanzi ubungeke ube khona.
• Amandla avelai-biomass, futhi, kuwumphumela wei-photosynthesiszezitshalo.

Lolu hlobo lwamandla avuselelekayo lungenye indlelaamafutha ezinsalelalokho akukhiphiamagesi abamba ukushisanjenge-carbon dioxide.

Izibonelo Zamandla Elanga

Abanyeizibonelo zamandla elangazihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• I-Photovoltaicamaphaneli elangakhiqizaugesi;lezi zinsiza zisetshenziswa emakhaya, ezindaweni zokukhosela ezintabeni, njll.
• Izitshalo zamandla e-Photovoltaic: ziyizandiso ezibalulekile zamaphaneli e-PV anhloso yawo kuwukukhiqiza ugesi ukuze unikeze igridi kagesi.
• Izimoto zelanga zisebenzisa amaseli e-PV ukuguqula imisebe yelanga ibe ugesi ukushayela imoto kagesi.
• Izipheki zelanga: zenziwe ngesistimu ye-parabolic ukuze kugxilweilanga's ukukhanya iphuzu ukukhulisaizinga lokushisafuthi ukwazi ukupheka.
• Amasistimu okushisa: ngeamandla elanga ashisayo, uketshezi lungashiswa olungasetshenziswa endaweni yokufudumeza.
• Ukufudumala kwechibi lokubhukuda kuwumjikelezo olula owuketshezi lapho amanzi azungeza khona isethiabaqoqi be-solar ezishisayoobala kuilanga.
• Izibali: Ezinye izinto zikagesi zinezincaneiphaneli yelangaukuphakela amandla kuumjikelezo kagesi.
• I-solar ventilation uhlobo lwamandla elanga asebenzisa elangeniukushisaukufaka umoya endaweni.Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezindlini nezakhiwo ukuthuthukisa izinga lomoya kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zamandla.I-solar ventilation ingasetshenziselwa ukufaka umoya ekamelweni elilodwa noma isakhiwo sonke.
• I-Photosynthesis iyindlela yemvelo esetshenziswa izitshalo ukuguqula amandla elanga abe amandla amakhemikhali.

Izinhlobo Zamandla Elanga

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobuchwepheshe bamandla elanga:

• Amandla elanga e-Photovoltaic: Amaphaneli elanga e-PV akhiwe ngento ethi, lapho imisebe yelanga ishaya, ikhiphe ama-electron futhi ikhiqizeamandla kagesi.
• Amandla elanga ashisayo: Lolu hlelo lusebenzisa ngokunenzuzoamandla okushisawemisebe yeLanga.Imisebe yelanga iguqulwa ibe amandla ashisayo ukushisisa uketshezi olungasetshenziselwa ukufudumezaamanzi ashisayo asekhaya.Kuizitshalo zamandla ashisayo elanga, umusi uyakhiqizwa futhi, kamuva, ugesi.
• I-Passive solar energy iyinsiza yokusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ukushisa kwelanga ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinsiza zangaphandle.Ngokwesibonelo, abaklami bezakhiwo bangaqondisa izindlu futhi banqume ukuthi bazowabeka kuphi amafasitela, becabangela ukuthi imisebe yelanga izotholwa kuphi.Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthii-bioclimatic architecture.

Amandla Elanga Akhiqizwa Kanjani?

Ngokombono wenyama, amandla elanga akhiqizwa eLangeni ngokulandelana kokusabela kwenyukliya.Uma la mandla efika kithi eMhlabeni, singawasebenzisa ngezindlela eziningi:

• Amaphaneli elanga aneamaseli we-photovoltaic.Amaphaneli e-Photovoltaic enziwe ngento, lapho ithola ukukhanya, i-ionize ngokuqondile futhi ikhiphe i-electron.Ngale ndlela, imisebe yelanga iguqulwa ibe amandla kagesi.
• Ukusebenzisaabaqoqi belangaeziklanyelwe ukuguqula imisebe yelanga ibe amandla ashisayo.Inhloso yawo ukushisa uketshezi oluzungeza ngaphakathi.Kulokhu, asinawo ugesi, kodwa sinoketshezi ekushiseni okuphezulu okungasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi.
• Amandla elanga agxilile iyisistimu ebonisa konke ukukhanya kwelanga endaweni okugxilwe kuyo ukuze kufinyelele phezuluamazinga okushisa.Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswa ezitshalweni ze-thermosolar zokukhiqiza amandla.
• Amasistimu wamandla elanga asebenzisa amandla elanga ngaphandle kokufaka amandla angaphandle.Isibonelo, imiklamo yezakhiwo ivumela imisebe yelanga ephezulu kakhulu ebusika futhi igweme ukushisa okweqile ehlobo.

Izinhlobo zama-Solar Panel

Igama elithi panel solar lisetshenziswa kuzo zombili izindlela (photovoltaic and thermal).Kunoma yikuphi, ukuklama kuhluke kakhulu kuye ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lobuchwepheshe belanga obuzosetshenziselwa:

• Iphaneli yokushisa yelanga isebenzisa imisebe yelanga ukushisa uketshezi oludlulisela ukushisa oketshezini bese lushisisa amanzi.Izifudumezi zamanzi elanga zisetshenziswa ezindlini ukuthola amanzi ashisayo.
• IIphaneli ye-photovoltaicisizakala ngezici zezakhi ezithile ze-semiconductor ezibekwe kumaseli elanga.Amaseli elanga akhiqiza amandla kagesi lapho engaphansi kwemisebe yelanga.Siyabonga kwababizwayoumphumela we-photovoltaic, ukuchayeka elangeni kubangela ukunyakaza kwama-electron engxenyeni (ngokuvamilei-silicon), ekhiqiza amandla kagesi aqhubekayo.
• Iphaneli yelanga egxilile futhi isebenzisa uchungechunge lwezibuko ze-parabolic ezinesakhiwo somugqa.Inhloso yalezi zibuko ukugxilisa imisebe yelanga endaweni okugxilwe kuyo ukuze ifinyelele amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngokwanele ukuze akhiqize isitimuUkusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga.
  Amandla elanga anokusetshenziswa okuningi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingafingqwa ngamaphuzu amathathu:

  Amanzi Ashisayo Asekhaya I-DHW
  Ukushisa kwamanzi ngelanga kusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi ashisayo asekhaya (DHW) kanye nokufudumeza izindlu nezakhiwo ezincane.Izitshalo zamandla elanga zakhiwe ukuthi, kusetshenziswa izinjini zesitimu, ziguqule ukushisa okugciniwe kube ugesi.

  Kodwa-ke, lezi zibonelo azizange zisetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yokusebenza okuphansi kwalezi zikhungo zikagesi uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko eziphezulu kanye nokuphakelwa kukagesi okungajwayelekile.
  Ukukhiqiza Ugesi
  Amaphaneli e-Photovoltaic asetshenziswa kumasistimu elanga angawodwa ukuze asebenzise amandla amadivaysi kude namanethiwekhi kagesi (ama-space probes, ama-high-altitude phone repeaters, njll.).Zibuye zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezinezidingo zamandla aphansi kangangokuthi ukuxhuma kugridi kagesi ngeke kube ukonga (amasignali okukhanya, amamitha okupaka, njll.).

  Lawa madivaysi kufanele afakwe ama-accumulator akwazi ukuqongelela ugesi oweqile okhiqizwa emini ukuze asebenze imishini ebusuku nangezikhathi zokuguqubala, ngokuvamile amabhethri elanga.

  Zibuye zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezinkulu ezixhunywe kugridi, nakuba ukunikezwa kwamandla kuyahlukahluka ezimeni zansuku zonke nezesizini.Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukubikezela futhi akuhleleki.

  Lokhu kungaqhubeki kwenza kube inselele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sikagesi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa okunesilinganiso esibanzi sokuphepha ngaphezu kweziqongo zesidingo sikagesi.Kodwa-ke, njengoba iphezulu kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izitshalo zamandla elanga ehlobo, ikwazi ukuqeda isidingo esikhulu sangaphakathi ngenxa yama-air conditioners.

  Yiziphi Izinzuzo kanye Nezimbi Zamandla Elanga?
  Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga kuhilela izinzuzo nezingozi ezithile.

  Ukugxeka okuyinhloko noma izithiyo yizi:

  Izindleko eziphezulu zokutshala imali nge-kilowatt ngayinye etholiwe.
  Inikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kakhulu.
  Ukusebenza okutholiwe kuncike ohlelweni lwelanga, isimo sezulu, kanye nekhalenda.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amandla kagesi esizokwazi ukuwathola ngesikhathi esithile.Lokhu kubuyela emuva kuyanyamalala neminye imithombo yamandla, njengamandla enuzi noma amathambo.
  Inani lamandla elidingekayo ukwenza iphaneli yelanga.Ukukhiqiza amaphaneli e-photovoltaic kudinga amandla amaningi, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa imithombo yamandla engavuseleleki njengamalahle.
  Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele ucabangele izinzuzo zamandla elanga:

  Abagqugquzeli bayo basekela ukuncishiswa kwezindleko kanye nezinzuzo ezisebenza kahle ngenxa yomnotho wezinga kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ezinhlelweni zelanga elizayo.
  Ngokuphathelene nokungabikho kwalo mthombo wamandla ebusuku, baphinde baveze ukuthi ukuphakama okuphezulu kokusetshenziswa kukagesi kufinyelelwa emini, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwamandla elanga.
  Iwumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo.Ngamanye amazwi, ayipheli.
  Amandla angangcolisi: awakhiqizi amagesi abamba ukushisa, ngakho-ke, awafaki isandla ekwandiseni inkinga yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.