Imisebe yelanga: Izinhlobo, izakhiwo nencazelo

Imisebe yelanga: Izinhlobo, izakhiwo nencazelo
Ukuchazwa kwemisebe yelanga: Kungamandla akhishwe yilanga esikhaleni se-interplanetary.

Lapho sikhuluma ngenani lamandla elanga afinyelela ebusweni beplanethi yethu, sisebenzisa i-Irradiance kanye ne-Irradiation Concepts. I-solar irradiation yi-Energy etholwe endaweni ngayinye yeyunithi (J / M2), amandla atholwe ngesikhathi esinikeziwe. Ngokufanayo, i-soladiance yelanga yiwo amandla atholwe ngaso leso sikhathi - kuvezwa kuma-watts nge-per square metres (w / m2)

Ukuvuselelwa kwe-nuclear fusion kwenzeka eSolar Nucleus futhi kungumthombo wamandla elanga. Imisebe yenuzi ikhiqiza imisebe ye-electromagnetic ngamaza ahlukahlukene noma ama-wavelength ahlukahlukene. Ukusakazeka kwemisebe ye-electromagnetic esikhaleni ngesivinini sokukhanya (299,792 km / s).
I-Solar Cardiance yembuliwe: Uhambo ezinhlotsheni nokubaluleka kwemisebe yelanga
Inani elithile yi-solar njalo; I-solar njalo inani lemisebe etholwe ngokushesha endaweni ngayinye yeyunithi endaweni yangaphandle yomoya womhlaba endizeni ye-perpendicular emisebeni yelanga. Ngokwesilinganiso, inani le-solar njalo lingu-1.366 W / M2.

Izinhlobo zemisebe yelanga
Imisebe yelanga yenziwa ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo zemisebe:

Imisebe ye-infrared (IR): Imisebe ye-infrared inikeza ukushisa futhi imele ama-49% wemisebe yelanga.
Imisebe ebonakalayo (vi): amele ama-43% wemisebe futhi anikeze ukukhanya.
Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet (Radiation ye-UV): amele ama-7%.
Ezinye izinhlobo zemisebe: zimelela cishe i-1% yenani.
Izinhlobo ze-Ultraviolet Rays
Futhi imisebe ye-Ultraviolet (UV) ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu:

I-Ultraviolet A noma i-UVA: Idlula kalula emkhathini, ifinyelela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
I-Ultraviolet B noma i-UVB: I-Wavelength emfushane. Unobunzima obukhulu bokudlula emkhathini. Ngenxa yalokhu, bafika endaweni engalingani ngokushesha kunasezindaweni eziphakeme.
I-Ultraviolet C noma i-UVC: i-wavelength emfushane. Abadluleli emkhathini. Esikhundleni salokho, ungqimba lwe-ozone lubamunca.
Izakhiwo zemisebe yelanga
Imisebe yelanga ephelele isatshalaliswa kwi-spectrum ebanzi ye-amplitude engeyona efanayo nokwakheka okujwayelekile kwensimbi, njengoba kujwayelekile kwesimo somzimba omnyama onjalo. Ngakho-ke, ayigxili ngokuvama okukodwa.

Isibalo semisebe sigxile ebhendini yemisebe noma ukukhanya okubonakalayo nge-500 NM ngaphandle komkhathi womhlaba, ohambelana nombala we-cyran.

Ngokusho komthetho we-Wien, i-Castiation Band esebenzayo ye-Photosynthetical Oscillates phakathi kuka-400 no-700 nm, ehambelana nemisebe ebonakalayo, futhi ilingana nama-41% wemisebe ephelele. Ngaphakathi kwemisebe esebenzayo ye-Photosynthetically, kukhona ama-suppunds anemisebe:

I-Blue-Violet (400-490 NM)
luhlaza (490-560 nm)
ophuzi (560-590 NM)
obomvu obomvu (590-700 nm)
Lapho uwela umkhathi, imisebe yelanga ifakwa ngaphansi kokukhombisa, ukubhekisisa, ukumunca, nokuhlupheka ngamagesi ahlukahlukene asemkhathini ahlukahlukene njengomsebenzi wemvamisa.

Umkhathi womhlaba usebenza njengesihlungi. Ingxenye yangaphandle yomkhathi inyusa ingxenye yemisebe, ibonisa abanye ngqo esikhaleni sangaphandle. Ezinye izinto ezenza njengesihlungi ziyi-carbon dioxide, amafu, kanye nomphunga wamanzi, kwesinye isikhathi ukuguqula kusebenze imisebe.

Kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi imisebe yelanga ayifani yonke indawo. Isibonelo, izindawo ezishisayo zithola imisebe yelanga enkulu ngoba imisebe yelanga icishe ibe perpendicular emhlabeni.

Kungani kudingeka imisebe yelanga?
I-Solar Energy ngumthombo wamandla oyinhloko futhi, ngakho-ke, injini eshayela imvelo yethu. Amandla elanga esiwathola ngemisebe yelanga abhekene nomsebenzi oqondile noma ngokungaqondile ukuthi aqakathekile ezinqubweni zemvelo njenge-photosynthesis, ukugcinwa kokushisa komoya weplanethi ehambisana nempilo, noma umoya.

Amandla elanga lomhlaba wonke afinyelela ebusweni bomhlaba aphindwe kayi-10,000 ngaphezu kwamandla asetshenziswa yibo bonke abantu.

Imisebe yelanga ilithinta kanjani impilo?
Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet ingaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene kwisikhumba somuntu kuya ngamandla aso nangobude bamagagasi alo.

Imisebe ye-UVA ingadala ukuguga kwesikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Kungadala nezinkinga zamasosha amasosha omzimba.

Imisebe ye-UVB ibangela ukushiswa yilanga, ukuba mnyama, ukuqina kwesendlalelo sangaphandle sesikhumba, i-melanoma, nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba. Kungadala nezinkinga zamasosha amasosha omzimba.

Ungqimba lwe-ozone luvimbela iningi lemisebe ye-UVC ekufinyeleleni emhlabeni. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, imisebe ye-UVC nayo ingaqhamuka kumalambu athile noma ugongolo lwe-laser futhi isetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane noma isize amanxeba. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukwelapha izimo ezithile zesikhumba ezifana ne-psoriasis, i-vitiligo, kanye namaqhubu esikhunjeni esidala i-t-cell lymphoma ethobekayo.

Umbhali: Oriol Planisa - Unjiniyela Wezobuchwepheshe Wezimboni